Electoral System Overview

Nepal's Electoral System

Nepal uses a mixed electoral system that combines two methods to elect representatives to the federal parliament:

House of Representatives (प्रतिनिधि सभा)

Total seats: 275

• 165 seats — First-Past-The-Post (FPTP) from single-member constituencies
• 110 seats — Proportional Representation (PR) from party lists

National Assembly (राष्ट्रिय सभा)

Total seats: 59

• 56 members — elected by an electoral college (provincial assembly members, mayors, deputy mayors, ward chairs)
• 3 members — nominated by the President on recommendation of the government

Who Can Vote?

Every Nepali citizen who has attained the age of 18 years is eligible to vote. Voters must be registered in the voter roll maintained by the Election Commission of Nepal.

The Election Commission of Nepal (निर्वाचन आयोग) is the constitutional body responsible for conducting free and fair elections.